A sequence of images in a diagonal line from upper left to lower right shows the progression of a total solar eclipse, with an uneclipsed Sun in the upper left and other images showing the Sun becoming more and more eclipsed toward the lower right. A total eclipse, with the white corona around the dark disk of the Moon, appears in the line of eclipse images, near the center. Three more images to the lower right of the total eclipse show a crescent Sun becoming less eclipsed. The final image in the lower right shows the Sun starting to dip below the horizon, with its lower portions covered by the foreground.
A sequence of images in a diagonal line from upper left to lower right shows the progression of a total solar eclipse, with an uneclipsed Sun in the upper left and other images showing the Sun becoming more and more eclipsed toward the lower right. A total eclipse, with the white corona around the dark disk of the Moon, appears in the line of eclipse images, near the center. Three more images to the lower right of the total eclipse show a crescent Sun becoming less eclipsed. The final image in the lower right shows the Sun starting to dip below the horizon, with its lower portions covered by the foreground. · 点击图片查看原图
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In a dusky sky above a field of sunflowers, a sequence of images shows the progression of a total solar eclipse, from an uneclipsed Sun in the upper left followed by a line of other images showing the Sun becoming more and more eclipsed toward the lower right. A total eclipse, with the white corona around the dark disk of the Moon, appears in the line of eclipse images, near the horizon. A couple more images show a red crescent Sun to the lower right of the total eclipse image.
In a dusky sky above a field of sunflowers, a sequence of images shows the progression of a total solar eclipse, from an uneclipsed Sun in the upper left followed by a line of other images showing the Sun becoming more and more eclipsed toward the lower right. A total eclipse, with the white corona around the dark disk of the Moon, appears in the line of eclipse images, near the horizon. A couple more images show a red crescent Sun to the lower right of the total eclipse image.
In this photograph of a total solar eclipse, the black disk of the Moon covers the face of the Sun, leaving a glowing, yellow, hazy ring of corona around the edges of the Moon, with large streamers extending toward the upper left, lower left, and lower right.
In this photograph of a total solar eclipse, the black disk of the Moon covers the face of the Sun, leaving a glowing, yellow, hazy ring of corona around the edges of the Moon, with large streamers extending toward the upper left, lower left, and lower right.
In this photograph of a total solar eclipse, the black disk of the Moon covers the face of the Sun, leaving a glowing, yellow, hazy ring of corona around the edges of the Moon. On the left edge is a pink, mountain-shaped prominence rising off of the edge of the eclipsed Sun.
In this photograph of a total solar eclipse, the black disk of the Moon covers the face of the Sun, leaving a glowing, yellow, hazy ring of corona around the edges of the Moon. On the left edge is a pink, mountain-shaped prominence rising off of the edge of the eclipsed Sun.
A partially eclipsed Sun appears with the Moon blocking a small portion of the Sun at top. Clouds also appear in front of the Sun. To the left of center is the small silhouette of the International Space Station. A few sunspots appear on the Sun to the left of the space station.
A partially eclipsed Sun appears with the Moon blocking a small portion of the Sun at top. Clouds also appear in front of the Sun. To the left of center is the small silhouette of the International Space Station. A few sunspots appear on the Sun to the left of the space station.
An animated GIF shows the partially eclipsed Sun, with the Moon covering the top part of the Sun and thin clouds in front of the Sun, appearing like smoke. During the animation, a silhouette of the International Space Station passes from right to left across the center of the Sun.
An animated GIF shows the partially eclipsed Sun, with the Moon covering the top part of the Sun and thin clouds in front of the Sun, appearing like smoke. During the animation, a silhouette of the International Space Station passes from right to left across the center of the Sun.
A photo shows the partially eclipsed Sun as a white disk, set against a black sky, with a small "bite" removed from the upper left portion of the solar disk.
A photo shows the partially eclipsed Sun as a white disk, set against a black sky, with a small "bite" removed from the upper left portion of the solar disk.
Four panels show the left edge of the eclipsed Sun in different wavelengths of light. In each image is a cloud of material, a prominence, rising off the left edge of the Sun. The prominence appears in different colors and resolutions in each image. The four images are labeled Visible, Near Infrared, Short-Wave Infrared, and Mid-Wave Infrared.
Four panels show the left edge of the eclipsed Sun in different wavelengths of light. In each image is a cloud of material, a prominence, rising off the left edge of the Sun. The prominence appears in different colors and resolutions in each image. The four images are labeled Visible, Near Infrared, Short-Wave Infrared, and Mid-Wave Infrared.
Four students in jackets hold a large white balloon in a grassy field under a gray, cloudy sky.
Four students in jackets hold a large white balloon in a grassy field under a gray, cloudy sky.
A simulated image of a total solar eclipse shows the Moon as a black disk at the center surrounded by white rays extending outward around the Moon, set against a black background. Some of the rays are longer or thicker than others.
A simulated image of a total solar eclipse shows the Moon as a black disk at the center surrounded by white rays extending outward around the Moon, set against a black background. Some of the rays are longer or thicker than others.
An image of a total solar eclipse shows the Moon as a black disk at the center surrounded by white rays extending outward around the Moon, set against a gray background. Some of the rays are longer or thicker than others.
An image of a total solar eclipse shows the Moon as a black disk at the center surrounded by white rays extending outward around the Moon, set against a gray background. Some of the rays are longer or thicker than others.
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像
美国国家航天局（NASA）分享从地面、空中及太空观测到的八月日食影像

内容提要
美国国家航天局（NASA）的研究人员与摄影师在八月日全食期间，通过地面、空中及国际空间站（ISS）等多种视角对日冕及日食现象进行了观测。此次观测任务涵盖了从高分辨率成像到大气影响研究的广泛科学目标，旨在深入了解日食对地球环境的作用。

原文全文译文

8月12日，一场日全食（total solar eclipse）使格陵兰岛、冰岛和西班牙上空陷入黑暗。当月球（Moon）遮住太阳时，处于全食带（path of totality）且有幸遇到晴朗天空的人们得以短暂地观测到太阳稀薄的外层大气（outer atmosphere）——日冕（corona）。NASA的研究人员和摄影师沿着食径（eclipse path）进行观测，旨在研究日冕、捕捉这一天文现象，并观察日食如何影响我们的行星（planet）。

一位在西班牙的NASA摄影师捕捉到了日全食以及日食前后偏食（partial eclipse）阶段的景象，直至太阳落入地平线以下。

在缅因州北部，当地仅能观测到偏食，另一位NASA摄影师捕捉到了国际空间站（International Space Station）及其搭载的七名机组成员从偏食的太阳前方飞速掠过的画面。

与此同时，在距离地面约250英里的高空，一名在国际空间站上的NASA宇航员也从他们的视角拍摄了几张偏食的照片。

在地面与空间站之间，NASA飞行员驾驶NASA的WB-57F研究喷气机在50,000英尺的高度飞行，穿过日食的阴影以延长观测日食的时间。该喷气机搭载了一套摄像设备，在多种不同光波长下捕捉到了日冕和日珥（prominences）的高分辨率（high resolution）图像，日珥是从太阳表面升起的带电气体羽流。

在冰岛和西班牙，参与NASA资助的“全国日食气球项目”（Nationwide Eclipse Ballooning Project）的学生团队发射了科学气球，携带球载仪器（balloon-borne instrument）捕捉日食阴影的图像，并研究日食对我们大气层的影响。尽管冰岛地面的云层遮挡了日食的视线，但天气并未干扰球载仪器收集关于短暂的光照和热量损失如何影响低层大气（lower atmosphere）的信息的能力。

在日食发生前，Predictive Science Inc.的科学家在NASA拨款和超级计算机的支持下，利用NASA航天器和地基望远镜（ground-based telescope）对太阳的观测数据，预测了日食期间日冕的形态。下方展示了他们的日冕预测图与一张日冕合成图像的对比，该合成图像结合了NASA支持的DEB Initiative项目在西班牙莱昂附近进行全食（total eclipse）观测期间拍摄的多张图像。

分类：观星天象 · 航天任务 · 太阳系
其他来源报道（1）NASA 科学：NASA Shares Views of August Solar Eclipse from Ground, Air, Space

来源与许可

原文来自公共领域来源；译文由机器生成，请以原文为准。 原始页面