星系团并合与暗物质新物理探索：综述

星系团并合为研究暗物质的本质提供了理想的宏观实验室，通过观测并合过程中暗物质与普通物质的解耦，科学家能够深入探究暗物质的粒子特性。本文综述了结合多波段观测与流体动力学模拟的最新进展，探讨了如何利用这些系统对标准宇宙模型之外的物理进行严格约束。

arXiv:2608.16987v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Merging galaxy clusters represent one of the most powerful macroscopic laboratories in the Universe for searching for new physics within the dark sector. High-velocity cosmic collisions inherently separate the dark matter and stellar components from the highly collisional, X-ray-emitting intracluster gas. These massive systems provide an ideal environment to probe the fundamental nature of dark matter, specifically testing whether it behaves as a strictly collisionless particle or exhibits non-zero self-interactions. While pioneering systems like the Bullet Cluster historically demonstrated the macroscopic decoupling of dark and ordinary matter, the field has evolved into a sophisticated discipline driven by multi-disciplinary methodologies. This review synthesizes recent theoretical and empirical advances in interpreting post-collision dynamics. It examines how the synergy of combined approaches---integrating multi-wavelength observations from gravitational lensing and X-ray mapping with high-fidelity N-body hydrodynamical simulations---allows the translation of macroscopic spatial observables into stringent constraints on microscopic particle properties. Through this synthesis, the work evaluates how leveraging heterogeneous merger ensembles can reliably advance the ongoing search for physics beyond the standard cosmological model.