太阳物理教育社区会议报告 – 2025年8月

太阳物理教育社区会议报告 – 2025年8月

Heliophysics Education Community meeting presentation – August 2025

报告 | 6-12年级及以上 | 这份由Jared Espley博士向太阳物理教育社区所作的报告，解释了太阳如何发射一股被称为太阳风（solar wind）的荷电粒子（charged particle）流，并一路传播至地球（Earth）乃至整个太阳系（solar system）。幸运的是，地球受到由地球磁场（magnetic field）所产生的无形护盾的保护。但火星（Mars）和木星（Jupiter）的情况又如何呢？美国国家航天局（NASA）通过搭载磁强计来观测太阳风对行星的影响。磁强计是NASA任务中最常搭载的科学仪器之一。众多的太阳物理任务都在研究太空中的磁场。行星任务也可以研究行星磁场（planetary magnetic field），无论是内禀磁场还是感应磁场。专家号（MAVEN）已经在火星上探测到了由太阳活动引起的感应磁场。JUNO正在观测木星的磁场，这与其他行星的磁场截然不同。科学家们正致力于理解这些行星的磁层，即这些行星附近的空间环境（space environment）。

Presentation | Grades 6-12+ | This presentation by Dr. Jared Espley to the Heliophysics Education Community explains how the Sun sends a stream of charged particles called the solar wind that travels all the way to Earth and throughout the solar system. Fortunately, Earth is protected by an invisible shield created by Earth’s magnetic field. But what about Mars and Jupiter? NASA flies magnetometers to observe solar wind Impacts on planets. Magnetometers are one of the most commonly flown scientific instruments across NASA missions. Numerous heliophysics missions study magnetic fields in space. Planetary missions can also study planetary magnetic fields, whether intrinsic or induced. MAVEN has detected induced magnetic fields on Mars caused by solar events. JUNO is observing Jupiter’s magnetic field, which is very different from other planets. Scientists are trying to understand the magnetospheres, the near space environment at these planets.

图注：NASA HEAT

Credit: NASA HEAT